Nadeem Shafique Butt

Professor of Biostatistics

Department of Family and Community Medicine

King Abdulaziz University, KSA

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Common Statistical Errors and How to Avoid Them

2026-05-046 min

Quick Answer

Common statistical errors include outcome switching, assumption violations, unplanned subgroup testing, and selective reporting. Prevent them by predefining analysis plans, checking diagnostics, documenting deviations, and presenting complete results. Structured quality checks improve reproducibility and protect publication credibility.

Design-Stage Pitfalls

Unclear hypotheses, ambiguous endpoints, and absent power justification cause downstream analysis and interpretation failures.

Analysis-Stage Pitfalls

Ignoring assumptions, overfitting, and uncorrected multiple testing increase false discoveries and unstable conclusions.

Reporting-Stage Pitfalls

Selective reporting and missing diagnostics reduce trust. Transparent methods and complete outputs strengthen evidence quality.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is one high-impact prevention strategy?

Use a preregistered or protocol-defined analysis plan before viewing final outcomes.

Do assumption checks need to be reported?

Yes. Reporting diagnostics supports validity and helps reviewers interpret model reliability.